Efectividad de las células madre mesenquimales en las elevaciones de seno maxilar. Revisión de la literatura / Effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells in maxillary sinus lift. A literature review

Actualmente, la implantología está considerada como la terapia de elección para rehabilitar dientes ausentes. Sin embargo, debido a diversos factores, no siempre se consigue un enfoque inmediato para la colocación de los implantes. Se debe prestar una atención especial a los sectores maxilares posteriores, que debido al paso del tiempo y a la ausencia de dientes, sufren una gran atrofia alveolar que se encuentra asociada a una expansión del seno maxilar que dificulta, en ocasiones, la rehabilitación con implantes osteointegrados. Debido a esta pérdida ósea, se han desarrollado técnicas quirúrgicas como la elevación de seno maxilar para obtener una ganancia de hueso y poder favorecer la colocación y el pronóstico de los implantes. Sin embargo, existen situaciones en las que incluso esta técnica no aporta un volumen óseo suficiente, siendo preciso acompañarla de técnicas de regeneración ósea.En la actualidad, existen estudios que plantean el uso de células madre mesenquimales en procedimientos de regeneración ósea como alternativa a los procedimientos convencionales.El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar a través de la realización de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, la efectividad de las células madres mesenquimales en elevaciones de seno maxilar con diferentes tipos de matriz ósea. (AU)

Currently, implantology is considered the therapy of choice to rehabilitate missing teeth. However, due to various factors, we do not always get an immediate approach to the placement of our implants. Above all, we must pay special attention to the posterior maxillary sectors, which due to the passage of time and the absence of dental pieces suffer great alveolar atrophy associated with an expansion of the maxillary sinus that makes difficult and sometimes impossible the implant therapy. Due to this great bone loss, the professionals have been forced to practice surgical techniques such as maxillary sinus lift to gain bone and to be able to favour the placement and prognosis of the implants. However, there are clinical situations in which even this technique does not give us sufficient bone volume, being necessary a bone regeneration therapy.Thus, thanks to advances in the field of scientific research, various methods have been used to solve this type of problem, but one of the most innovative and current options is bone regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells.This work aims to evaluate, carrying out a systematic review of the literature, the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells in maxillary sinus elevations with several types of matrix. (AU)

Polyetheretherketone in Implant Prosthodontics: A Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: To undertake a scoping review of the available research on the application of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) in implant prosthodontics, map the available literature in order to highlight possible gaps in knowledge and, if possible, extract clinical guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature on PEEK in implant prosthodontics published through August 2018 was identified with an online search of MEDLINE (via PubMed), Science Direct, Embase (via Ovid), and Google Scholar databases. Qualitative and quantitative syntheses were carried out for original research studies. RESULTS: The amount of published original research studies was found to be limited. PEEK was found to be applied as a material in the fabrication of implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis (IFDP) frameworks (43%), prosthetic implant abutments (35%), implant abutment screws (15%), and retention clips on implant bars (7%). Only 38% of the studies were clinical studies, while 15% were observational and 47% were in vitro. The studies identified did not permit the estimation of long-term survival nor success rates for any of the prosthetic components. The results only allowed a preliminary short-term assessment of PEEK IFDP frameworks, which presented satisfactory survival but alarming success rates over the first year of service. CONCLUSION: In light of the paucity of evidence on the viability of PEEK as an implant-prosthodontic material, its use cannot yet be endorsed. Clinicians should heed the suggested protocols to improve mechanical performance and lower the incidence of prosthetic complications. Further high-quality research is needed for an enhanced understanding of the material's viability.